The International Implications of COPPA: A Critical Examination of Extraterritoriality and Compliance Challenges

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The Children's Online Privacy Protection Act (COPPA) has become a crucial regulatory mechanism to protect children's privacy in the United States. However, its extraterritorial reach and implications pose challenges and opportunities in an international context. COPPA applies to operators of websites or online services that are directed towards or knowingly collect information from children under 13 in the United States, regardless of the operator's location. International entities face challenges in complying with COPPA due to legal intersections, verification and enforcement difficulties, and cultural variations. A comparative analysis with the European Union's General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) highlights the differences between the two laws. To navigate the complexities, companies can adopt harmonization, localization, and transparency strategies to mitigate risks and ensure global compliance.